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CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT ?

Cancer diagnosis and treatment is a multidisciplinary process involving multiple specialties to provide accurate diagnosis and effective management. Below is a concise overview

Diagnosis
Screening
  • Purpose: Detect cancer in asymptomatic individuals.
  • Common Screening Tests.
  • Mammograms (breast cancer)
  • Pap smears/HPV tests (cervical cancer).
  • Colonoscopy (colorectal cancer).
  • PSA (prostate cancer)
  • Low-dose CT (lung cancer for smokers).
Diagnostic Workup
  • Imaging.
  • X-rays, CT, MRI, PET-CT, Ultrasound.
  • Tissue Diagnosis.
  • Biopsy (core needle, excisional, or punch).
  • Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Molecular and Genetic Tests
  • EGFR, ALK, HER2, KRAS, BRCA, etc., depending on cancer type.
  • NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) for personalized treatment planning.
Treatment Modalities
Surgery
  • Curative: For localized disease (e.g., mastectomy for breast cancer).
  • Palliative: To relieve symptoms (e.g., obstruction).
Radiation Therapy
  • Types.
  • External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT): IMRT, VMAT, SRS, SBRT.
  • Brachytherapy: High-dose rate (HDR), low-dose rate (LDR), and permanent implants.
  • Indications.
  • Curative (e.g., prostate, cervical cancers).
  • Adjuvant (post-surgery).
  • Palliative (e.g., bone metastases).
Systemic Therapy
  • Chemotherapy: Standard cytotoxic agents targeting rapidly dividing cells.
  • Targeted Therapy: EGFR inhibitors, HER2 blockers, etc.
  • Immunotherapy: Checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4 blockers).
  • Hormonal Therapy: For hormone-receptor-positive cancers (e.g., tamoxifen).
Advanced Therapies
  • CAR-T cell therapy.
  • Tumor vaccines.
  • Gene therapy.
Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Approach

Key Members:

edical oncologist, surgical oncologist, radiation oncologist, radiologist, pathologist, and palliative care specialists.

Purpose: Optimize treatment through collaboration.

Palliative Care

Focuses on improving quality of life and symptom management (e.g., pain, fatigue, nutrition).

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Need a personal health plan?
Dr.Dheepika B
Radition Oncology
+91 81221 70915
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